Internal-combustion engine.



T. v. BUCK-WALTER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION men MAY18.191'4.

1 3&5, 1 8 Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET. I.

WIT/758858.- I V MEMO:

. Tr cy Y'fiwc'lfwdlter;

? Q I By MY V I I W 1 mom/5r.

Patented Nov. 6,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY.

TRACY V. BUCKWALTER, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

Application filed May 18, 1914. Serial No. 839,422.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be. it known that I, TRACY V. BUCK- WAIHER,a citizen of the United States, residing at Altoona, in the county ofBlair and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain ImprovementsRelating to Internal- Combustion Engines. of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to internal c0mbustion engines in which fuel isforced into a charge of highly compressed fluid in the combustionchamber where the fuel is ignited by the heated fluid and combustioneffected. These ei'igines. typified by the utilization of highlycompressed air for injecting liquid fuel into air heated by compressionto a point above that required for igniting the fuel, are simplified inconstruction and operation and operated more economically by means of myimprovements, which contemplate the utilization of the heat in the Wastegases discharged from the combustion chamberfor evaporating water andutilizes the steam thus generated for carrying the liquid fuel into thefluid compressed in the combustion chamber.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional Viewof an in ternal combustion engine to which my improvements areapplicable; Fig. 2 is an on largcd elevation of the engine having myimprovements combined therewith; Fig. 3 is a part sectional elevationrepresenting a second view of the construction shown in Fig. 2; F ig. 4is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line H of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 isan enlarged sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is asectional view of the atomizing disk taken on the line 6fi of Fig. 5;Fig. 7 is a peripheral view of the atomizing disk; and Fig. 8 is anenlarged sectional view taken on the line 8--8 of Fig, 5. e

The mechanism illustrated in the 'accom-- panying drawin comprises theconventional engine cylinder 1 containing the piston 2 connected by thepitman 3 with the crank shaft 4; the cylinder being provided with thepassage 5 having the port 6 through which air is admitted back of thepiston in the forward position thereof, the passage 7 having the, port 8through which air is forced into the cylinder in the backward movementof the piston, and the port 9 connected with a conduit 10 through whichthe heated I products of combustion are dis inlet 2 charged from thecylinder in the backward position of the piston.

In accordance with my invention, an eccentric 11 on the shaft l operatesa pitman 12 to reciprocate a head 13 fixed to plungers 14 and 15 whichact in the respective chambers ldand 17 of a pump 18.

A conduit 19 delivers fluid fuel to the chamber 16 under control ofacheck alve 20 which controls the port 21, and a conduit 22 delivers thefluid fuel from the chamber through the inlet 23 of the injector 23which discharges into the top of the cylinder 1, the discharge from thelatter conduit back to the pump being prevented by a check valve 24which controls the port 25.

A conduit 26. controlled by a. check valve 2'7 normally seated on theport 28, delivers water to the chamber 17, which discharges through theport 29, controlled by thecheck valve 30, to the conduit 31 connectedwith the inlet 23* of the injector 23 back of the The inlet 23*communicates with a circular channel 23 which discharges through theradial apertures 23 to the injector chamber.

Coils 3-1 of the conduit 31 are contained in a burned tube 32 throughwhich flame is discharged from a nozzle or torch 33; and coils 31 of theconduit 31 are contained in the conduit 10 and heated by the wasteproducts of combustion discharged from the engine cylinder 1. Y

The injector 23 contains an atomizing ring or disk 34 provided with aperipheral channel 342 in registration with the fuel inlet 23 the smallradial passages 34 which communicate with the channel 34, and the axialpassage 34 which communicates with the passages 34'.

A valve 35 controls the injectors aperture- 232 by which it dischargesinto the cylinder 1', and passes freely through the aperture 34 so thatfluid will flow therethrough, the shank of the valve passing through thepacking 36 held in the rear of the injector. shank of the valve 35 andengages a coiled spring 38 supported by a yoke 39 fixed to A nut 37 isengaged on the the injector, the spring acting through the I nut on thevalve to effect the closure of the aperture 23. A crank lever 40,fulcrumed on the bracket all is connected by the rod 42 with the head 13and is adapted to act. upon the nut 37 in the upward movement of thehead to Withdraw the valve 35 from the port 23, the valve being seatedlay the spring as the head descends.

In the operation oi the engine, the oscillation of the pitmen 3 and 12by the crank shaft 4:, with resulting reciprocation of the piston 2 andplungers 1e; and 15 are synchronized so that the plungers l4 and 15 aredrawn back in the respective chambers 16 and 17, efi'ecting the deliveryof fuel oil and Water to the respective chambers, as the pisten 2 movesback in the cylinder 1; and as the piston moves forward in its cylinder,effecting the compression of air in front of it, the plungers force theoil and water through the respective conduits 22 and 31, the Water beingvaporized in passing through the coils 31* heated by the burner 32 instarting and inpassing through the coils 31 heated by the Waste gasesflowing through the conduit 10 in the normal. operation of the engine.The oil is delivered from the conduit 22 through the inlet 23" of theinjector into the channel 34E ofthe disk 34 and thence through thepassages 3i and 34?, by which it is disseminated. The steam is deliveredfrom the conduit 31 through the inlet of the injector and thence throughthe channel 23 and passages 23. As the cross head 11} approaches theupper limit of its stroke, the crank le er so caused, by the action oithe rod is, to press against the nut 37 and draw back the valve againstthe action of the spring 38, whereupon the highly compressed steam.sweeps 28 into the cylinder 1, nited by the heatof the compressed in thecylinder and burns, as the piston moves backward in its Wot 1;; stroke.

The foregoing mode or ope ion and mechanism permits climinatirai fromslowcombustion engines of appa 'atus for me compression oi air to suchhigh pie. res from 600 to 1.1900 pounds per square inch; saves the powerrequired to drive such com-- pressing apparatus; utilises portion o'ei'iergy of the exhaust gases in doing a tial Work in a simple manner;permits the use of small unitsiheretoi ore impracticable because of therelatively high cost per unit oi power, due chiefly to the necessity forair compressing apparatus; automatically provides an increase of thesteam pressure for spraying fuel into the cylinder with inthe oilthrough the aperture Where it is 1g crease in load, due to the greatervolume of hot gases ayailable for the generation of steam underconditions or increased load; pro i les simple means adapted forstarting multiple cylinder engines by the use of a portion of theheating coils in connection with an external supply of heat, asterinstance a kerosene torch for the generation of steam for starting;secures the final delivery of the exhaust gases to the atmosphere atcomparatively low temperatures due to the absorption of heat from. suchgases by the steam coils, and prevents, by the introduction of steamwith the fuel, an extremely rapid combustion of the fuel With consequenthigh pressures, thereby reducing the explosive strains on the engine.

Having described my invention, 1 claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder andpiston, of an injector communicating with said cylinder, a valvecontrolling communication between said injector and cylinder, conduitssaid in ector, a pump comnuuiicating with having a plurality of chambers(3011111111111- cating with the respective conduits, pluugers in saidchambers. means plungers, means for controlling said valve.

2. in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and a piston therein aconduit through which Waste gases are discharged from said cylinder, aninjector having a passage communicating with said cylinder a pipepassing through said conduit to a connection with said injector, asecond pipe connected with said injector, a valve for controlling saidpa a pump having chambers conimunicam. c 'itl; said pipes, checlt rel-es pre I return how hers, plui'igers means compris with said lve firstnamed, said piston operates ony u' erect l have hereunto set my namethis 13th day of t y 191%, in the presence of the subscribing Witnesses.

TRACY BULlliYL ii'llli lll.

for operating said v and a device connected with said

